葡萄不同倍性品种间杂交胚挽救及鉴定

Embryo Rescue and Identification of Hybrids between Diploid Grape and Tetraploid Grape

以二倍体葡萄品种紫珍香、早玛瑙等为母本,与四倍体葡萄品种玫瑰露、峰后等杂交,杂种进行胚挽救培养,获得三倍体植株。胚珠培养胚萌发率最高可达39.21%,成苗率最高可达35.32%。对杂种后代先用细胞倍性测定仪初选,再用卡宝品红染色法根尖计数,得到染色体为57条,确定为三倍体植株。不同组合取样时期可确定为：早熟母本为花后40-50 d内,中熟品种为50-60 d内,晚熟品种则为60-80 d内。

Diploid grape ＂Zizhenxiang＂,＂ Muscat Hamburg＂ et al were crossed with Tetraploid pollen parents ＂Delaware＂,＂Fenghou＂ et al.The hybrid triploid plants were obtained by means of in vitro embryo rescue culture.The highest rates of surviving embryos and regenerated plantlets were 39.21%and 35.32%,respectively.Root tip cells of hybrids had 57 chromosomes.The best ovule sampling time focused on 40～80 days after pollination according to female parents＇ different fruit ripe time.