混凝土桥梁的损伤诊断与承载力评估

Damage Diagnosis and Strength Evaluation of Concrete Bridges

基于结构振动理论和系统识别技术的桥梁健康监测系统已显示出了良好的发展前景。主要阐述了钢筋混凝土桥梁损伤的五种诊断方法,即振动模态参数识别法、动力响应及动力系数法、超声波法、冲击回波诊断法和自然电位法,并对这些方法的特点和应用作了比较。同时提出了混凝土损伤识别的四种方法,即模型修正法、动力指纹分析法、神经网络法和专家系统法,并系统介绍了这四种方法的特点。通过对钢筋混凝土桥梁的损伤诊断和损伤识别,正确客观的评估桥梁的承载力和安全状况。最后介绍了国内外几种典型的评估桥梁承载力的理论和方法,并对其发展趋势作了展望。

The bridge health monitoring system based on structural vibration theory and system identifi- cation technique has been presenting its good prospect of development. In the paper five kinds of steel-concrete bridge damage detection methods were expatiated. They are vibration mode parameters identifi-cation method, dynamic response and dynamic parameters method, ultrasonic method, impact echo detection method, and electrical potential method, which characteristics and application were compared. Four kinds of concrete damage identification methods were put forward, namely model modification method, dynamic fingerprint analysis method, nerve network method and expert system method. Char-acteristics of the four methods were presented. Steel-concrete bridge damage diagnosis and detection by the methods provide subjective evaluation of bridge strength and safety level. Finally, some typical theo- ries and methods of bridge strength evaluation in China and abroad were presented and their development trend was predicted.