急性一氧化碳中毒395例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 395 Cases of Acute Carboxysm

目的了解东莞地区急性一氧化碳（CO）中毒的特征和高危因素，探讨其防治的策略。方法对2000年1月～2007年12月收治的395例急性CO中毒患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果395例中，男144例，女251例，男女比例1：1．74，两者比例差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；平均年龄（23．72±10．14）岁，21～30岁是高发年龄段，占42．03％；外省来莞人员是高发人群，占63．29％；室内洗澡燃汽热水器意外是主要原因，占84．81％；冬春季是高发季节，占93．92％；8年间，急性CO中毒呈总体上升趋势，平均每年增长约108％；治愈率85．57％，死亡率1．27％，迟发性脑病（DEACMP）发生率5．82％。结论东莞地区急性CO中毒的发病具有明显的中毒源、职业、季节、年龄和性别等特征，值得重视，积极开展对急性CO中毒相关知识及防范措施的宣传教育是免受其害的重要手段。

Objective To investigate the chacracterstistics and high risk factors of acute carboxysm in this area, and to discuss the strategies for prevention and therapy. Methods Three hundred and ninety five cases of acute carboxysm in our hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 144 males and 251 females with a ratio of 1 ： 1. 74 which had significant difference （P〈0.05）. The average age was （23.72± 10.14） years and the high risk age bracket was 21-30,which amounting for 42.03% ; The patients from other province were the high risk group,taking up 63. 29%; Indoor gas water heater accidents were the major cause, taking up 84.81%; Winter and Spring were the high risk seasons,taking up 93. 920%. In the past 8 years,the total cases of acute carboxysm were showing a tendency to increase by 108% per year on average. The cure rate was 85.57% and death rate was 1. 27% ,while delayed encephalopathy（DEACMP） rate was 5.82%. Conclusion In the region of Dongguan city, toxic origins, professions, seasons, ages and sexes in the incidence of carboxysm,are important characters. It is an important means to develop education actively of the related knowledge and prevention of carboxysm for reducing the defarminity rate.