住院药疹患者143例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 143 patients with drug eruption

目的：探讨临床用药与药疹发生的关系及临床表现。方法：对本院2001年1月~2005年12月住院药疹病例进行分析。结果：143例病人中36.6%（52/143）可以确定为一种致敏药物,最常见的致敏药物是抗生素,药疹类型以猩红热/麻疹样型药疹最常见,多形红斑型及荨麻疹型次之。结论：青霉素和中药是最常见的致敏药物,临床医生在用药时应详细询问病史,合理用药。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between clinical usage of drugs and type of drug eruption. Methods： A retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical data on all inpatients suffered from drug eruptions admitted into the hospital during the 5 years from January 2001 to December 2005. Results： Of 143 cases, 36.6 % （52/143） were confirmed to be caused by one drug. Antibiotics were the most common causative drugs, especially penicillins, followed by traditional Chinese medicines. Scarlet fever- like or measles- like type was the most common clinical manifestation, followed by erythematic multiform type and urticaria types. Conclusions： Clinical physicians should ask allergic history of patients thoroughly, so as to avoid the occurrence of drug eruption.