镇江市3354名学生乙型肝炎表面抗原携带情况调查

Investigation of HbsAg carriers (3354 students in Zhenjiang City)

乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者是乙型肝炎的重要传染源，已成为人们普遍关注的公共卫生问巴据估计，全世界约有到2亿人为HBsAg携带者，而我国约有一亿人口HBsAg阳性[1]。为了解青少年学生乙肝表面抗原携带的现状，探索乙型肝炎的预防对策，作者1996年11月对镇江市丹徒县和润州、京口两区的19所大、中、小学的学生进行了抽样调查；用北京生物制品研究所提供的药盒、RPHA法进行了乙肝表面抗原的检测，检测人数共3354人（男1701人，女1653人）；结果阳性人数73人，平均阳性率为2．18％，低于全国总体人群10％的感染率。性别差异：平均阳性率比较．男生高于女生P＜0．01；年龄差异:7岁年龄组阳性率最高，19岁年龄组阳性率最低，P＜0．05；城乡差异：农村高于城市，P＜0．01。结果表明的青少年学生乙型肝炎表面抗原携带率明显低于全国总体人群及其不同人群的分布特点，提示对青少年，特别是对小学学生和农村学生加强乙型肝炎的防治、对控制乙型肝炎总体人群的发病率是重要的和必要的。

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) carriers are the main contagious source of hepetitisB and it has become a focusing public health problem . It is estimated that there are 200. million HBsAg carriers in the world, 100 million of whom are in China. Iu order to know , the current situa-tion of young students who carry HBsAg, the students from 19 schools (contaiuing colleges, middleschools and primary sckools in Dantu County and Runzhou, Jingkou District )were investigated withthe medical boxes from Beijing Biological Product Institution, the author used RPHA method to testHBsAg. There were 3354 people investigated (1701 boys and 1653 girls). The results are as followspositivity rate is 73% Mean Positivity rate APR 2. 18% (lower than that of the whole country); APRin boys are bigher than that in girl (P<0.01) and APR in seveu-year group is the kighest while thatin 19-year group is the lowest (P<0.05) and we found APR in those living in the countryside is hig-her than those in cities (P<0.01). It is concluded that the HBsAg carrier rate of young studeuts ismarkedly lower compared with the mean rate in tbe country. The couclusion suggested that improvingthe prevention of heptitis B in the youth, especially in pupils and students of tbe countryside, isimportant and necessary to control the incidence in China.