γ-Synuclein与肿瘤发生发展的研究进展

Advances in γ-Synuclein and progression of tumors

目的:γ-Synuclein是神经突触核蛋白(synuclein)家族的一员.在生理状态下,它主要分布于神经系统,具有明显的组织特异性.γ-Synuclein最早发现于人乳腺癌cDNA文库,近来在肝癌、胃癌和胰腺癌等消化系肿瘤中也发现γ-Synuclein的异常高表达,在晚期肿瘤中表达尤其升高,提示其在肿瘤的发生发展过程中丧失了原先的组织特异性,有望成为一个有效的肿瘤标志物.同时,多种途径介导了γ-Synuclein表达的调控,γ-Synuclein的过表达能够增加乳腺癌、卵巢癌细胞的侵袭转移能力以及对某些化疗药的耐受性,也使得其成为潜在的治疗靶点.

γ-Synuclein with strong tissue specificity, a member of the synuclein family, is mainly located in nervous system. Recently, elevated levels of γ-Synuclein was detected in various types of cancers, such as breast, ovarian, liver, gastric cancers, etc., especially in their advanced stages, which indicated loss of tissue specificity in cancer development and also suggested that γ-Synuclein might serve as a new tumor marker. Additionally, multiple pathways influence the regulation of γ-Synuclein expression. γ-Synuclein has also been shown to promote invasion and metastasis of breast and ovarian cancers and enhance caners＇ tolerance to some chemotherapies . Overexpression of γ-synuclein also interferes with drug-induced apoptotic responses, which makes it a potential target for treatment.