甘肃鼢鼠肾结构特征

Kidney Microstructure in Gansu Zokor

甘肃鼢鼠(Myospalax cansus)在缺水的黄土高原营严格地下生活,主要从食物中摄取水分。为研究甘肃鼢鼠的调水机制,用组织解剖学方法对其肾的形态结构进行观察。结果显示,甘肃鼢鼠肾为单乳头肾,呈蚕豆形,表面光滑,不分叶;皮质与髓质的厚度比为0.71∶1;皮质中髓旁肾单位相对分布密度小于浅表肾单位的相对分布密度;髓旁肾单位中的血管球直径大于浅表肾单位中的血管球直径;近曲小管与远曲小管的截面数量比为2.25∶1。结果表明,甘肃鼢鼠肾的重吸收能力较小,其组织形态学结构有显著的生态适应意义。

The Gansu Zokor （ Myospalax cansus ） is a subterranean rodent inhabiting the relatively arid zones of Loess Plateau. Comparative studies on its kidney morphology and microstructure have been conducted in order to understand how this species utilizes water. The kidney is smooth, non-lobular and broad bean-shaped. The ratio of thickness of the renal cortex to the medulla and the ratio of the number of proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule in the cortical labyrinth are 0.71 and 2.25, respectively.The density of renal corpuscle in superficial cortex is more than that in the deep cortex. The glomus diameters are also different, with juxtamedullary nephron 〉 superficial nephron. The microstructure characteristics show that the re-absorption capacity of kidneys is lower in Gansu Zokor than in other mammals which inhabit in the arid areas. These structural characteristics have importance significance for adaptation to living environment.