水、旱栽培条件下杂交稻主要农艺性状和品质性状比较研究

Comparative studies on agronomic characters and quality characters of hybrid rice under water-and dry-cultivation conditions

选用旱稻不育系沪旱1A与10个水稻恢复系配出的10个杂交组合,设水、旱2种处理种植,研究杂交组合的主要农艺性状和品质性状的差异性。结果表明:相对水栽条件而言,在旱栽条件下的10个杂交组合株高降低,有效穗减少,根长和根粗增加,根数减少;粒长、粒宽、长宽比、直链淀粉含量均值均有不同程度的下降,而垩白率明显增加,说明杂交稻在旱栽条件下品质相对变差。水栽条件下直链淀粉含量略有升高,但变化幅度小,说明在水分胁迫下稻米直链淀粉含量因品种而异。因此,研究水稻的主要农艺性状和品质性状在传统的水栽和旱栽2种环境条件下的变化规律,将对抗旱杂交稻组合的选育有重要指导意义。

In this study,10 combinations were obtained by crossing upland rice male-sterile line lu dry 1A with 10 rice r-lines. Under water- and dry-cultivation environments, the difference of main agronomic characteristics and quality characteristics of hybrid combination were studied. The results indicated that, under dry-cultivation, the height of plant, effective ear was reduced, the length and width of root were increased, the amount of root reduced ; grain length, grain width, ratio of grain length/width and gel consistency were reduced at different degree, but chalkiness radio was increased. It indicated that there were the gel consistency difference with varieties under water-cultivation environments. So it was very important for drought-resistant hybrid rice combination breeding to study the change rule of hybrid rices＇ sagronomic characteristics and quality characteristics under water-and dry-cultivation conditions.