马铃薯脱毒种薯快繁技术及其数量经济关系研究

Rapid propagation of virus-free potato and its economic analysis

本文对马铃薯脱毒试管苗快繁技术和脱毒试管苗周期性繁殖总量进行了详细的研究和分析。结果表明,马铃薯脱毒后可以有地提高产量和品质。而脱毒微型薯的生产,特别是雾化栽培技术的应用,较之常规基质栽培大大提高了种薯繁育效率并显著降低了生产成本。正规的马铃薯供种体系,可为种薯质量提供可靠的保证。种薯生产体系总的发展趋势是技术更加成熟稳定和简化、繁育年限更短、效益更高。选用脱毒马铃薯种薯较之一般种薯更能显著的提高经济效益。在脱毒试管苗快繁过程中,繁殖总代数比每代繁殖增大倍数更重要。所以,减少繁殖周期从而增加一年内繁殖总代数对增加繁殖总量更为有效。同样,起始脱毒苗量也很重要,是纯粹的总量繁殖系数,增加起始脱毒苗量同样对提高一年内脱毒苗产量有重要意义。在分析了国内外马铃薯种薯供种体系的基础上具体测算了使用脱毒种薯所增加的效益。本文的研究内容和分析是我国马铃薯脱毒种薯繁育技术的重要积累和高度概括,也是区域产业化发展规划的重要前提和必要依据。

The study was carried out to investigate and analyze techniques and relationship in the rapid propagation of virus-free potato plantlets with the output and profits to use it. The results indicated that the virus-free potato could effectively increase the yield and improve its quality. The production of mini virus-free potato seed, especially the application of the aeroponics technique increasecd the efficiency of potato tuber propagation remarkably and reduces the cost of production. The formal seed supply system secures the seed potato quality, hence the final field yield. The future trend of the potato production system was supposed to become more technical, simplified, shorter of the cycle, and more effective than before. Besides,using the virus-free seed potato can bring more economic benefit than normal potato based on a model analyzed. The number of generations of propagation was more relevant in a way than the efficiency of propagation. Therefore,reducing propagation cycle to increase the total propagation generations was significant. The initial number of virus-free plantlets, being an coefficient of the multiplier,played an equal role to contribute to the final total or annual plantlets produced.