毕节喀斯特山区饮用水源地水环境污染分析及保护

Analysis on Environmental Pollution in Drinking Headwater Area in Bijie Karst Mountainous Region and Its Protection

在对毕节地区倒天河水库等13个饮用水源地水质进行评价的基础上,选择生活污水排放量等9个水环境因素作为分析变量,通过采用主成分分析,把水源地水环境影响因素概括为流域人口数量、流域农业土地利用强度、流域农业化学污染、流域自然条件4个主因素,其方差累积贡献率达86.093%。根据各主因素影响水体污染的强度差异和水体污染现状,将饮用水源地水环境划分为生活废水污染、水土流失污染和农药化肥污染3种类型,提出了相应的水环境保护措施。

It selects nine environment factors,including domestic sewage discharge as analysis variables based on the evaluation of water quality of 13 drinking headwater areas,such as Daotianhe Reservoir in Bijie region.It summarizes the environment affecting factors of the area into four main factors of number of population,intensity of agricultural land use,agricultural chemical pollution and natural condition of a river basin through main factors analysis.Its square deviation cumulative contribution ratio reaches to 86.093%.It divides the environment of headwater area into three categories of domestic sewage pollution,soil and water loss pollution and pesticide and fertilizer pollution and puts forward corresponding measures for environmental protection according to different intensity of water pollution effected by each main factor and status of polluted water.