板栗短雄花序芽变花粉特性研究

Study on Pollen Characteristic of Shorter Catkins Mutation in Chinese Chestnut(Castanea mollissima Bl.)

本试验从花粉形态、花粉生活力、结实特性和花粉直感等方面对板栗短雄花序芽变进行研究。结果表明:短雄花序芽变、芽变母株和对照花粉中均未发现畸形花粉,芽变和对照花粉的形态相似,但芽变花粉的赤道轴长度明显短于对照花粉。芽变花粉生活力为31.0%,自花结实率为55.4%,均极显著低于对照。用芽变花粉为北京主栽品种燕红授粉后,结实率可达89.1%,其对总苞内坚果的粒数和单粒重有一定程度的花粉直感作用。

The experiment on the shorter catkins sport of Chinese chestnut was carried out by observation of morphology of pollen, comparison of the viability of pollen and pollination. The results showed that there was no abnormal pollens between sport and control under scanning electron microscope observation, the morphology of pollen was similar, but the equatorial axis of sport was significantly shorter than control. Sport＇s viability of pollen and self-pollination rate were 31.0% and 55.4%, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those of control. The fruited rate was high （89.1%） in Yanhong♀×Sport♂. The metaxenia was clear in number and weight of nuts.