和田县(市)地下水水化学基本特征

BASIC HYDRO-CHEMICAL FEATURES OF GROUNDWATER IN HETIAN COUNTY

和田县市位于昆仑山(中段)北麓塔里木盆地南缘,区内地下水水化学从南到北具较显著的水平分带.尤其玉、喀两河冲积平原地下水,由山前弱矿化水向北过渡为低矿化→中等矿化.水化学成份始终以Cl-和Na+为主.垂直方向上除地下水富水性多寡有微量的区别外,其水力特性、水化学特征基本相似,无明显分带性,内地下水中F-含量普遍超标.大量的化验结果表明,受玉龙喀什河河水的净化作用,近河地区地下水F-含量基本符合饮用水标准,远离河流的地区则普遍超标.区内地下水的基本特点是:SO42-含量不高,Cl-和Na+离子占主导地位,而Cl-Na型低矿化水是昆仑山北麓中段地下水水化学特征别于其它地区的独特之处.

Hetian County lies on the southern edge of Tarim Basin ＆ north Mt. Kunlun（middle section）. Hydro-chemical features of regional groundwater from south to north have relatively obvious horizontal zoning.Especially, groundwater of alluvial plain in Yulongkashi River ＆ KalaKashi River is transferring from piedmont weak mineralization to low mineralization, and medium mineralization in the north. The main hydro-chemical elements are always Cl^- ＆ Na^＋. In vertical, apart from slight difference in groundwater yield property, hydraulic characteristics and hydro-chemical features are basically similar without obvious zoning. Besides, the content of F in regional groundwater is generally high. Lots of tests show that the content of F in groundwater near Yulongkashi River has basically met drinking water standard for the purification of the river; however, it is generally over standard far way from the river. Basic characteristics of groundwater in the area are as follows： the content of SO4^2- is always not high; Cl ＆ Na^＋ are dominant, while Cl-Na low mineralization of groundwater in the middle section of north Mt. Kunlun is the unique feature from others.