汾河中下游湿地植被物种多样性研究

Vegetation Species Diversity of Wetland in Middle and Lower Reaches of Fenhe River

以64个样方的调查数据为基础,运用丰富度指数、物种多样性指数和均匀度指数对汾河中下游湿地植被的物种多样性进行了研究。依据有关资料将汾河中下游湿地植被划分为7个群落类型,以此分析了各群落间物种多样性指数之间的关系。7个群落物种多样性指数的排序为:皱叶酸模、芦苇、打碗花群落>播娘蒿、小飞蓬、葎草群落>皱叶酸模、野胡萝卜、小飞蓬群落>赖草群落>狭叶香蒲、巴天酸模、茴茴蒜群落>芦苇群落>野艾蒿群落。汾河中下游干旱河漫滩植被的物种多样性指数比池塘边沼泽地的植被明显偏高,而近河道的河漫滩植被比远离河道一级阶地的单优势种群植被的多样性指数要高。受放牧以及环境污染的中度干扰使得汾河中下游一些地段湿地植被的物种多样性指数升高。

On the basis of survey data from 64 sample plots, the vegetation species diversity of wetland in middle and lower reaches of Fenhe river was studied by using rich index, species diversity index and evenness index. The studied vegetations were divided into 7 community types, and the species diversity of different communities were studied as well. The rank of 7 communities in the species diversity was Rumex crispus ＋ Phragmites communis ＋ Calystegia hederacca 〉 Descurainia Sophia ＋ Conyza canadensis ＋ Humulus scandens 〉 Rumex crispus ＋ Daucus carota ＋ Conyza canadertsis 〉 Leymus secalinus 〉 Typha angustifolia ＋ Rumex patientia ＋ Ranucunculus chinensis 〉 Phragmites communis 〉 Artemizia lavandulaefolia. The study results showed that the species diversity of river floodplain was higher than swamp. As far as the species diversity of dominant population was concerned, the vegetation in the flooding plain close to Fenhe river was higher than higher site. Grazing and environment pollution caused the increase of species diversity index of some sites in middle and lower reaches of Fenhe river.