我院2005～2007年致泌尿道感染的病原菌分布及耐药性变迁

Bacterial distribution and antimicrobial resistance in urinary system infection(2005-2007)

目的探讨泌尿道感染的病原菌分布及耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法对医院2005年1月至2007年12月间,住院及门诊泌尿系统患者尿培养分离出的488株病原菌进行鉴定和耐药分析。结果488株菌中革兰氏阴性杆菌290株,占59%,主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌;革兰氏阳性球菌119株,占24%,主要以肠球菌为主;真菌79株,占16%,主要为白假丝酵母菌。革兰氏阴性杆菌对亚胺培南的敏感率最高,但对其它抗菌药的敏感率下降趋势明显;革兰氏阳性球菌对万古霉素仍能保持较高的敏感率(>85%),但对其它抗菌药的耐药情况严重;真菌对两性霉素的敏感率最高。结论定期监测泌尿道感染病原菌的变迁及耐药情况的变化,对指导临床用药有重要的意义。

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and resistance of pathogens in urinary tract infection, and propose rational use of antibiotics in clinic practice. METHODS The pathogens from the urine specimens were isolated and cultured from tbe patients in hospital from 2005 to 2007. The total 488 strains of pathogens were indentified and the drug resistance was analyzed. RESULTS In the 488 strains, there were 290 strains of gramnegative bacilli which accounted for 59 %, mainly included escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae; 119 strains of gram-positive cocci （for 24% ）, mainly is enterococci;79 strains of fungus （for 16% ）, mainly is candida albicans. Imipenem was the most active antibiotics for gram-negative bacilli, vancomycin for gram-positive cocci, and amphotericin B for fungus. Pathogens antibiotics rate sensitive sustained downward trend. CONCLUSION A dynamic monitoring of drug susceptibility to pathogenic bacterium plays an important role in the clinic treatment.