《满蒙藏嘉戎维五体字书》概论

An Introduction to the Book Man Meng Zang Jiarong Wei Wuti Zishu

故宫博物院珍藏的《满蒙藏嘉戎维五体字书》是一部五体合壁词典,首行为满语词语,其后依次开列蒙古语译词、藏语译词、嘉戎语译词、维吾尔语译词等。该词典应编纂于乾隆中后期,其编者可能是三世章嘉国师。《满蒙藏嘉戎维五体字书》词汇量不多,仅700多条,与清代编纂的《大清全书》、《清文总汇》等满语词典不能相比。但作为五体合壁词典,《满蒙藏嘉戎维五体字书》可以为多民族语言研究提供参考资料,有助于了解和研究满族、蒙古族、藏族、维吾尔族的历史语言以及西藏、新疆的历史。

The book Man Meng Zang Jiarong Wei Wuti Zishu well-stored in the Palace Museum is a dictionary with five kinds of language： Manchu words in the first line, then Mongolian, Tibetan, Jiaron and Uighur in turn. The dictionary should be edited in the middle to late of Qianlong period, and the editor might be the third Generation Zhangjia national teacher. There are only 700 words or so in the book, however, it could offer referent materials for the research of nationalities＇ language due to the five languages in it, which will make contributions to know and study the historical languages of Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan, Uighur and the history of Tibet and Xinjiang.