满族石姓穆昆记忆中的萨满教信仰体系

The Belief System of Shaman in the Memory of the Family Named Shi in Manchu Mukun

满语"穆昆",意为"家族、氏"。石姓穆昆的信仰体系是满族萨满教信仰观念的典型代表,它基本上涵盖了满族不同姓氏的祭祀对象。同时,石姓穆昆的信仰体系又是古老的特殊现象,因为它保留了满族原始的野神祭祀神灵,这种信仰对象在其他满族姓氏中基本消失。因此,了解石姓穆昆的信仰体系有助于理解满族萨满教的完整历史和全面的形貌。

The belief System of Shi family is a typical representation of Manchu Shamanism, which covers the sacrificing objects of different families in Manchu. Meanwhile, it is an old special phenomenon, for it preserves the primitive wild gods which have almost disappeared in other names of Manchu. So knowing about them will contribute to understanding the whole history and full station of Manchu Shamanism.