大学教师批评言语行为策略的调查研究

A Pragmatic Study of College Teachers' Speech Act of Criticism in the Chinese Context

相对于其他言语行为如问候、道歉、拒绝等的研究,国内外对批评言语行为的探讨较少。作为日常教学中常见的言语行为之一,教师的批评言语行为尤其值得人们深入地研究。文章以"语篇补全测试"为工具,依据赛尔的间接言语行为理论及布朗和莱文森的面子论,讨论教师在批评言语行为中所采用的策略,并就各策略的使用频率进行统计分析;在通过问卷调查了解学生对教师批评策略的不同接受程度的基础上,提出选择恰当批评策略在教学中的积极意义。

Compared to studies concerning speech acts,such as greeting, apology,refusal, there is relative paucity of research on the speech act of criticism let alone the research on the speech act of criticism performed by teachers to students. As one of the common speech acts in our daily communication, teachers＇ criticism deserves our attention and investigation. This paper is based on the indirect speech act theory of Searle and the face theory put forward by Brown and Levinson. By collecting data from Discourse Completion Test, the paper at- tempts to analyze teachers＇ strategies in criticizing students and their frequencies, to investigate the students＇ attitudes toward these strate- gies flrrough questionnaires. And then, the signitlcances of appropriate strategies in teacifing are discussed.