航天器结构虚拟动态试验技术新进展

Progresses on virtual dynamic test techniques for space vehicles

随着航天器结构越来越复杂,仅仅用数值分析方法或者仅仅用实尺动态试验方法都不能解决现代航天器结构动力学问题,为了解决这一问题必须采用航天器结构虚拟动态试验技术。其一是虚拟模态试验技术。提出了适用于航天器复杂结构模型修改的子结构试验建模综合技术;介绍了两个实例证明本文介绍的虚拟模态试验技术应用的可靠性:一是CZ-2E运载火箭虚拟模态试验技术,用建议的虚拟模态试验技术成功地预示了CZ-2E运载火箭模态参数。预示的模态参数与随后进行的全箭模态参数一致;另一个是CZ-2F运载火箭虚拟模态试验技术,给出可靠的数学模型与箭船耦合的动态分析数据。其二是虚拟振动试验技术。介绍了振动台虚拟振动试验系统和一个卫星振动台虚拟振动试验实例。卫星振动台虚拟振动试验结果低频响应曲线与试验结果曲线非常一致。

With the increasing complexity for the modern space vehicles, both analytical methods and ground dynamic tests are not satisfying the design requirements for actual space vehicles. In order to face this challenge and solve the problem, in the present paper, the research focuses on the virtual dynamic test techniques for space vehicles are summarized as follows： （i） For the virtual modal test techniques consisting of sub-structural synthesis techniques based on the experimental modeliing method, in order to illustrate this novel method, two case studies were presented. The first one was the virtual modal test for CZ-2E launch vehicle, for which the modal parameters of the large strap-on launch vehicle （LM-2E） have been predicted successfully by the proposed the virtual modal test techniques. The predicted modes are very consistent with the ones obtained from the practical launch vehicle modal test thereafter, which consequently credits the reliability of the proposed techniques. The second example was the virtual modal test for CZ-2F launch vehicle, which resulted in reliable mathematics model and data for dynamic analysis of launch vehicle-spaceship coupling. （2）For the virtual vibration tests technique of a shaker is discussed, in order to illustrate this novel method, the virtual vibration test of a shaker for the satellite is presented.