从《西游记》看吴承恩的和谐社会理想

Wu Cheng'en's Ideal of Social Harmony in His A Journey to the West

神魔小说《西游记》的内涵十分丰富。它既有总体的寓意,也有局部的象征,无论总体寓意或局部象征都散发着折射现实的光芒,均能够反映出作者的思想,这其中就蕴含着作者的和谐社会理想。吴承恩的和谐社会理想在《西游记》中具体反映在两个层面上:一是在人与人的关系层面上,力主铲除邪恶势力,以维护社会的和谐;二是在人与自然的关系层面上,主张人既要顺应自然,又要改造恶劣环境,以保证人与自然的和谐。由此亦可以窥见作者的社会意识和生态意识。

A Journey to the West, a fiction about fairies and demons, is rich in connotations. It contains overall implications and partial symbolic meanings, both of which unveil the reality and the author＇s thoughts. Wu＇s ideal of building a harmonious society is clearly showed from two aspects in the novel： human relationship and the relationship between human and nature. As to human relationship, he wanted to wipe out all evil forces to maintain social harmony. And as regards the relationship between human and nature, he held that human beings should conform to the nature and improve the harsh environment to guarantee a harmony in between. In this sense, Wu Cheng＇ en＇s social and ecological awareness can be seen.