日本老龄化及其对家庭养老功能的影响

Aging Problem in Japan and Its Impact on the Family Supporting for the Aged

人口老龄化基本上是二十世纪出现的一种现象。日本人口老龄化的发展经历了发展经历了三个阶段,到本世纪初期,65岁以上的老年人已达到总人口的17.2%。其人口老龄化呈现出速度快、程度深、城乡和地区发展不平衡、妇女老龄问题突出的特征。老龄化的快速发展,已成为日本社会所负担不起的一种"奢侈",给社会带来了许多意想不到的问题,引起经济和社会等各方面的变化,对日本老人赡养的主要支柱之一的家庭养老产生了巨大的冲击,影响着国民对老龄问题的重新认识和社会的稳定。

Aging of population is a common phenomenon in the 21st century. The development of aging of Japanese population has experienced three stages. Up to early this century, people aged 65 and over already accounted for 17.2 percent of the total population. Aging of population is characterized by speedy growth, profound degree, imbalanced development between city and country and different regions, and the striking problems of ageing women. The rapid development of aging of population has become somewhat of “extravagance” which Japanese society cannot afford and has brought lots of unexpected problems, causing the change of economy, society and so on. It exerts a huge impact on one of main industries for the aged： care for the aged at home. It urges people to reconsider the problem of aging of oooulation and affects the stability of society.