尿液源头分离系统中的沉淀研究

Study on the precipitation in source-separating urine system

尿液源头分离技术近年来在欧洲一些国家成为研究热点,但尿液输送与收集过程中的沉淀问题限制了该技术的推广应用。重点介绍了尿液和沉淀物的组成及性质;从模拟自来水及雨水冲洗、尿素水解和有机配位剂的影响等方面,分析了引起尿液沉淀的各种因素,结果表明,不同的冲洗水和稀释倍数将改变尿液的沉淀势指数(PP值),并影响沉淀物的组成;同时给出了沉淀处理与控制的方法,如管道和存水弯清洗、沉淀抑制以及利用沉淀;最后讨论了尿液稳定性对N、P营养元素回收利用的影响。

Urine source-separation technology has been a hotspots in many European countries in recent years, but the development of the technology is restricted to the precipitation when urine is collected and transported. The components and characters of urine and precipitation are introduced. And in the simulation experiment, various factors of urine precipitation are analyzed, including the influence of tap water, rainwater, ureolysis and organic complexing agents. The simulations indicate that the precipitation potential （PP） and precipitation composition highly depend on the flushing water characteristics and dilution factors. The methods of controlling and disposing the precipitation are also discussed, for example, cleaning the pipe and trap, preventing precipitation and utilizing precipitation. Finally, the influence of urine stability on the recovery of phosphorous and nitrogen is proposed.