失神癫患儿的认知特征

Cognitive Characteristics in Children with Absence Epilepsy

目的探讨失神癫(CAE)患儿的认知特征。方法对20例CAE患儿和20例年龄、性别、身高和体质量及家庭经济文化背景相匹配的同期健康体检儿童进行中国修订韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)测试,对测试结果进行对比分析,比较CAE患儿与健康对照组儿童的全量表智商(FIQ)、言语智商(VIQ)、操作智商(PIQ)、C-WISC分测验的量表分及三类智力因子智商之间的差异。结果CAE组患儿FIQ为74～119分,其中正常智力17例(85.0%),低于正常智力2例(10.0%),临界智力1例(5.0%)。健康对照组儿童FIQ为91～118分,均为正常智力水平。CAE组VIQ为(93.86±13.30)分,PIQ为(90.87±17.43)分,FIQ为(91.86±14.78)分;健康对照组分别为(102.21±13.20)分、(101.15±15.28)分、(101.11±14.67)分。CAE患儿VIQ、PIQ、FIQ均低于健康对照组,但无统计学差异(Pa>0.05)。CAE组患儿C-WISC中的算术、背数、填图、木块图案、编码的量表分与健康对照组儿童比较均明显低下(Pa<0.01),知觉组织智商、记忆/不分心智商均显著低于健康对照组(Pa<0.01)。结论CAE患儿存在认知障碍,CAE患儿的注意力、记忆力和空间知觉能力受损。

Objective To explore the cognitive characteristics of children with absence epilepsy （CAE）. Methods Chinese modification of wechsler intelligence scale for children（ C-WISC） was used to detect 20 cases with CAE, and 20 normal children （control group） with similar characteristics to CAE group, including socioeconomic and educational status. The differences of full intelligence quotient（ FIQ）, verbal intelligence quotient（ VIQ）, performance intelligence quotient（ PIQ）, the scale of C-WISC snbtests and verbal comprehend intelligence quotient, percept organization intelligence quotient and memory/concentration inteuiqence quotient between 2 groups were analyzed. Results The FIQ scores of CAE group was 74-119,17 cases of CAE （ 85.0% ） had intelligence quotient（IQ） scores within the normal range ,2 cases of CAE （10.0%）low than normal intelligence,and 1 case of CAE（5.0% ） in the borderline range. In the control group, FIQ scores was 91 - 118, all scores within the normal range. No significant differences of average FIQ ,VIQ and PIQ was found between CAE group and control group（Pa〉0.05 ）. The scales of subtests including arithmetic, digit span,picture completion, block design and coding of children in CAE group were significantly lower than those of control group （Pa〈 0.01）, percept organization intelligence quotient and memory/concentration intelligence quotient of children in CAE group were significantly lower than those of control group （Pa 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Children with CAE have impairment of cognitive functions, especially the ability of memory, concentration and visuospatial skills.