椎弓切除对腰椎稳定性影响的三维运动研究

Three-dimensional Movement Study on the Effect of Vertebral Arch Removal on Lumbar Stability

用８具新鲜成人男性尸体标本腰椎功能单位，通过脊柱三维运动实验机施加最大载荷为１０．０Ｎ．ｍ的６种力偶，使脊柱前生前屈／后伸，左／右侧弯和左／右轴向旋转运动。经立体摄像计算机图像处理得到Ｌ１～２节段的运动范围（ＲＯＭ），中性区（ＮＺ）和弹性区（ＥＮ）等参数。后在同一节段切除小关节和椎弓。将完整标本测量的结果为自身对照组，根据节段间的变化定量分析小关节和椎弓切除对腰椎三维运动的影响。结果：全椎弓和全小关节切除后６种力矩的ＲＯＭ均增加非常显著，脊柱失稳。

The experiment was carried out with 8 fresh cadaver lumbar spine speciments being used as functional units.By a three dimentional movement device, with the maximum loading of 100 N.m to produce six kinds of pure moment of force and to create six kinds movement of the lumbar spine in flexion, extension, left/right lateral bendings and left/right axial rotation, the range of movement (ROM), neutral zone (NZ) and elastic zone (EZ) of the lumbar 1-2 segment were determined by sterephotogrametric metheds.The measurements were at first done on the intact lumbar spinal segments and the data obtained were used as selfcontrol study.The face and vertebral arch were resected, Theredimentonal quantitative evaluation in analysis of the effect of facetectomy and removal vertebral arch on the mobility of the lumbar spinal segments was performed.The results revealed that: the range of motion increased after removal vertebral arch and total facetectomy and this made the lumbar spine unstable.