火炮身管热散失模型及其冷炮对弹丸初速的影响

Heat Loss Model of Gun Bore and Influence of Cold Bore on Projectile Muzzle Velocity

火炮身管温度是造成首发与以后各发射弹之间射击条件差异的重要因素,对弹丸初速的影响起着不可忽略的作用。就身管热散失这一因素对弹丸初速的影响作了定量分析,建立了身管热散失的数学模型,并进行了数值计算;基于拉格朗日假定的内弹道模型,从弹丸初速的解析解出发,通过理论推导,给出了热散失对弹丸初速的敏感系数理论表达式。两种方法所得结果比较一致,得出一些有益的结论,从而为认识冷炮误差的根源提供了一些理论依据,对解决炮兵首发命中、首群覆盖的问题具有积极的理论意义。

Bore temperature plays an important role in different firing conditions between first round and later rounds, and it has great influence on projectile muzzle velocity. Aimed at the influence of bore heat loss on projectile muzzle velocity, the mathematical model of bore heat loss was built up, and its quantitative analysis and numerical caculation were accomplished. Based on Lagrange assumed interior ballistic model and analytic solution of muzzle velocity, the sensitive coefficient theoretic expression of bore heat loss to projectile muzzle velocity was given by means of theory deduction. The solved results from theory correction method were approximately in accordance with the results from bore heat loss model. Acquired results of two methods were no difference, and some useful conclusions were obtained. The results provide some theoretic basis for understanding cold bore error, and have active meaning for simulating and analyzing the problem about first-round hit and coverage of first group of burst rounds.