隐喻外显功能的语用视角研究

The Working Mechanism of the Explicit Functions of Metaphor

隐喻是表面错配而内隐契合的有益于更有效交际的语用手段和策略。隐喻的(外显)功能包括概念易及功能(认知功能)、语言促进功能(包括词汇/意念填充功能、经济功能、语篇(连贯)功能和表述增效(美学)功能)、情感功能、人际调适功能和文化承载功能;分析隐喻意义、隐喻含意、隐喻影像、情感和非言语信息之间的关系,对揭示隐喻外显功能—隐喻意义、隐喻含意、隐喻影像、情感和非言语信息之间趋同—的语用运作机制意义重大。

The paper tries to research into the explicit function of metaphor and its pragmatic working mechanism. Metaphor serves as a linguistic resource/means/strategy, explicitly false but implicitly appropriate, for more effective communications. The subcategories of the explicit function consist in notion/concept easy accessibility （cognitive function）, language enhancement （word/notion filling, economy, discourse/coherence and expressive/poetic function）, emotive function, interpersonal function and culture-laden function. The pragmatic working mechanism in question dictates that converge the metaphorical meaning, the metaphorical implicature, the emotion and the non-linguistic cues.