山东省黄河流域内地方性氟中毒病情调查

Investigation on Status of Endemic Fluorosis in the Yellow River Basin in Shandong Province

目的了解山东省黄河流域内地方性氟中毒病情现状,为制定防制策略提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学调查方法,水、尿氟含量测定采用氟离子选择电极法,8～12岁儿童氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法,X线摄片检查氟骨症。结果选择3个病区县的27个村进行了流行病学调查。水氟均值>1.00mg/L的村25个(占92.59%),最大值为9.67mg/L;8～12岁儿童氟斑牙总患病率为73.75%,氟斑牙指数为1.60;30岁以上成人的氟骨症临床和X线检出率分别为39.66%和29.78%;儿童和成人尿氟均值在1.50mg/L以上的人数分别占89.78%和91.87%,最高值分别为14.60mg/L和17.99mg/L。结论山东省黄河流域内地方性氟中毒病情尚未得到控制,防制形势依然十分严峻,须进一步加大防制力度。

Objective To investigate the current status of endemic fluorosis in the Yellow River basin in Shandong province, and to provide scientific evidence for making strategies in prevention and control. Methods Epidemiological investigation was used in the present study. The contents of fluoride in drinking water and urine were determined by F- ion selective electrode, dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years was diagnosed by Dean＇ s method and skeletal fluorosis by X - Rays. Results 27 villages in 3 counties were chosen for epidemiological investigation. In 25 villages, water fluoride contents were 〉 1.00mg/L （ accounting for 92.59% ）, and the highest water fluoride content was 9. 67 mg/L. The total rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years was 73. 75% and the index of dental fluorosis was 1.60. The detection rates of skeletal fluorosis by clinic and X - Ray in adults over 30 years were 39. 66% and 29.78%, respectively. The urinary fluoride values above 1.50 mg/L were found in 89.78% of children aged 8 - 12 years and 91.87% of adults over 30 years. The highest urinary fluoride concentrations in children aged 8 - 12 years and adults over 30 years were 14. 60 mg/L and 17.99 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion In the Yellow River basin of Shandong province, prevalence of endemic fluorosis hasn＇t been effectively controlled, prevention and control for endemic fluorosis should be strengthened.