大企业集群治理合约选择的制度基础及演进机理研究

Study on the Institutional Basis of the Interfirm Governance Contracts’ Selection and Their Evolutional Mech-anism in Big-enterprise Clusters

近年来,那些伴随产业调整与产业升级出现的大企业集群,对拉动地方经济、提升区域竞争力、增强区域吸引力起着举足轻重的作用。本文首先对大企业集群的一般形态进行描述,并从企业价值网络视角对大企业集群"上游大、中间较小、下游适中"的基本特征进行概括分析;接着尝试性地构建了一个基于交易费用经济学的一般分析范式与企业价值模块属性相结合的理论分析框架,并基于这一分析框架,对大企业集群中企业间治理合约选择的制度基础及其基本类型进行了较为深入的剖析。同时,通过大企业集群价值网络的基本特征与制度安排的交易费用基础二者间的相互耦合,生动地阐释了大企业集群的一般生成机理,并且从治理合约动态转化的视角分析了大企业集群的动态演进过程。大企业集群的生成与演进实质上是企业间治理合约选择的过程,这为后续研究奠定了必要的理论基础。

So far as we know, recently, the big-enterprise clusters, emerging with the industrial adjustment and industrial upgrade in the Southeast, Shandong peninsula and the Northeast of China, have taken especially critical roles and functions in promoting the development of local economy, enhancing the regional competitiveness as well as increasing the regional attraction. In this paper, we make a generic description of the form of the big-enterprise cluster at first, and analyze the basic characteristic of the big-enterprise cluster, namely ＂ big in the upriver, small in the middle and fit in the downriver of the value system＂ from a perspective of interfirm value network. And we try to construct a theoretically analytic framework based on the combination of the generically analytic mode of TCE （it is short for the Transaction Cost Economics） and the attribute of enterprise value model, then we use that theoretically analytic framework to make deep analysis on the institutional basis of the selections of interfirm governance contracts in the big-enterprise cluster, while the basic types of interfirm governance contracts in the big-enterprise cluster. At the same time, we＇ll also explain the generic forming mechanism of the big-enterprise cluster through the inter-coupling of those two critical aspects above, namely the basic characteristic of the interfirm value network of the big-enterprise cluster, and the institutional basis of transaction cost during the selection of interfirm governance contracts. And then we analyze the evolutional process of the governance contracts among the enterprises of the big-enterprise cluster from the viewpoint of dynamic evolution. At last, we come to a generic understanding of the big-enterprise clusters. In essence, the forming and evolving process of the big-enterprise cluster is just the selecting course of the interfirm governance contracts. We do open a really new theoretical perspective for the later research on the big-enterprise clusters.