流域立法义务本位探析

Analysis on Obligation Orientation of Watershed Legislation

流域生态阈值、流域整体利益的实现和可持续发展的理念要求流域立法须以义务为本位来限制和约束人们的行为。这种义务本位体现在流域规划制度、流域资源及能源合理利用评价制度、流域水资源保护与分配制度、流域产业发展制度、流域生态补救与补偿制度及生态恢复与重建制度、流域管理体制及流域法律责任制度等流域法律制度中。强调流域立法的义务本位并不表明在流域立法中不设定权利性条款,只不过这种权利性条款的最终目的是为了促进整个流域群体的义务履行。

Considering of ecological threshold of watershed, and carrying out overall benefit at the watershed scale and the concept of sustainable development, watershed legislation should be obligation - oriented to restraint the action of human beings. The obligation orientation should be illustrated in a series of legal systems about watershed, such as watershed plan system, system of appraisal on exploitation of watershed natural resources and energy,water resources protection and assignment system, and so on. Paying more attention to obligation doesn＇ t mean we will not formulate provisions on right in the watershed law, but the ultimate aim of the provisions on right is to promote fulfillment of the obligation.