微咸水混灌对土壤理化性质及冬小麦产量的影响

Effects of blending irrigation with brackish water on soil physico-chemical properties and winter wheat yield

根据中科院南皮生态农业试验站2002～2005年的冬小麦微咸水混灌田间试验资料,以淡水为对照研究了矿化度分别为3、4、5g/L的微咸水混灌对土壤积盐率、土壤饱和浸提液钠吸附比(SAR)、冬小麦产量和产量构成因素以及水分利用效率的影响,从而确定适宜的灌溉水矿化度上限。结果表明,微咸水灌溉后土壤积盐程度与灌溉水矿化度呈正相关;微咸水灌溉会使土壤饱和浸提液的SAR升高,且影响深度因灌溉水矿化度而异。通过对冬小麦产量和产量构成因素的分析可得,在非偏旱年利用微咸水灌溉的矿化度不宜超过3g/L,偏旱年不宜采用微咸水进行灌溉,或灌溉后应采取措施缓解盐分胁迫,水分利用效率与灌溉水矿化度呈负相关,综合各种因素可以认为3g/L是当地微咸水灌溉的矿化度的上限。

Based on the field experiment data of winter wheat blending irrigation by saline water in Nanpi Ecological Agriculture Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2002 to 2005, the effects of blending irrigation with mineralization of 0.84, 3, 4 and 5 g/L on the soil salification rate, soil sodium adsorption ratio of soil saturation extract as well as winter wheat yield and yield constitute factors irrigated were studied in order to determine upper limit of irrigation mineralization suitable for the location. The results show that because of saline water blending irrigation, the soil salt is cumulated, salification degree has positive correlation with irrigation water mineralization, soil sodium adsorption ratio increase and its impacted depths are different with mineralization degrees. The results of winter wheat yield and yield constitute factors show that irrigation water mineralization degree shouldn＇t exceed 3 g/L at non-drought years, measures for remiting salinity threatening must be taken in drought years, water use efficiency has negative correlation with mineralization degree. Mineralization degree should be less than 3 g/L consider of different kinds factors.