液态施肥机的设计与试验研究

Design and experimental investigation of the liquid fertilizer applicator

为达到节约肥料,降低生产成本,保护环境的目的,基于液态肥在生产、使用和运输过程中无粉尘、无烟雾、减少环境污染、利用率高、作物吸收好等优点,设计了液态施肥机,并进行了田间试验,分析了试验结果。该机具设计合理,一机多用,具有结构紧凑、调整方便等特点。通过田间试验得出最佳的工作参数为施肥深度100～120mm、作业速度为0.7m/s和泵工作压力为0.2MPa。液态施肥机药液喷射均匀,覆盖性较好,对作物的机械损伤较小。各项检测指标均达到或超过该机的设计要求,满足农艺要求。

In order to attain the goal of saving fertilizer, cutting down production cost and protecting environment, the liquid fertilizer applicator was designed and tested in field trial based on its advantages of non-dust, non-smog, reducing environment pollution during the process of production, usage and transportation. The.design of liquid fertilizer applicator was reasonable with multi-purpose usage, and it had characteristics of compact structure and convenient adjustment. The optimized working parameters by means of field trial were as follows： fertilization depth of 100- 120 mm, operation velocity of 0.7 m/s and pump working pressure of 0.2 MPa. The liquid fertilizer applicator can spray drug liquid uniformly with better coverage and less mechanical damage to crops. All of detected and measured indexes reach or even exceed the design standards of this machine, which meet agronomic requirements of fertilizing crops.