裙带菜中褐藻糖胶的提取纯化及其组成的研究

Extraction, purification and composition of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida

该实验优化了裙带菜褐藻糖胶的提取工艺,对粗多糖进行了分离纯化,并研究了各组分的单糖组成和硫酸根含量。利用响应面优化法,依据二次回归分析确定裙带菜褐藻糖胶的最佳提取工艺为:提取温度76℃,提取时间2.5h,料液比1︰6.5。在此条件下提取2次,粗多糖的提取率可达到7.53%。提取的粗多糖用DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换层析分离纯化,共得到5个峰,干燥后得到5个组分。用硫酸钡比浊法测定5个组分的硫酸根含量分别为8.3%、19.2%、30.1%、38.4%和33.0%。糖腈乙酸酯衍生物气相色谱测得各组分的单糖组成分别为:组分1主要含有甘露糖和半乳糖;组分2主要含有鼠李糖,岩藻糖,木糖,甘露糖,葡萄糖和半乳糖;组分3主要含有鼠李糖,岩藻糖和甘露糖;组分4主要含有岩藻糖和半乳糖;组分5主要含有岩藻糖,甘露糖和半乳糖。

In this paper, the extraction technology of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida was optimized, then crude fucoidan was purified and the monosaccharide composition and sulfate ester content of each fraction were studied. On the basis of the Box-Behnken design in the Response Surface Analysis （RSA） method, the optimal technological conditions to extract fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida were obtained as follows： extraction temperature： 76℃, extraction time： 2.5 h, algae/water ratio： 1 ： 6.5. Extracting twice under this condition, the extraction rate of polysaccharide was 7.53%. Then crude fucoidan was fractionalized into five fractions by a DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column. The sulfate ester contents of each fraction were 8.3%, 19.2%, 30.1%, 38.4% and 33.0%, respectively. The monosaccharide compositions of each fraction were as follows： the first fraction： mannose and galactose; the second fraction： rhamnose, fucose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose; the third fraction： rhamnose, fucose and mannose; the fourth fraction： fucose and galactose; and the fifth fraction： fucose, mannose and galactose.