不同氨基酸对少孢节丛孢菌(Arthrobotryso ligospora)捕食器诱导效果的研究

Influence of amino acids on traps forming of nematode-trapping fungus-Arthrobotrys oligospora

试验研究了11种氨基酸在玉米粉琼脂培养基上对捕食线虫性真菌——少孢节丛孢菌(Arthrobotrysoligospora)产生捕食器及对线虫第3期幼虫捕食情况的影响。结果表明:氨基酸可以诱导少孢节丛孢菌产生捕食器,且不同种类氨基酸对其产生捕食器的影响表现不同,各个浓度之间差异明显,其中以浓度为0.05 g/L的L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phe)、L-蛋氨酸(L-Met)、DL-缬氨酸(DL-Val)的诱导效果较好;L-苏氨酸(L-Thr)、L-异亮氨酸(L-Leu)、L-亮氨酸(L-Leu)、L-色氨酸(L-Trp)和L-缬氨酸(L-Val)属于中等;L-赖氨酸(L-Lys)、L-谷氨酸(L-Glu)和L-组氨酸(L-His)表现较差。于菌丝生长初期、中期、后期分别加入氨基酸时,不同时期捕食器的产生差异也较为显著,生长初期和生长中期加入氨基酸的试验组捕食器产生良好;前者又明显好于后者。上述现象提示,少孢节丛孢菌在没有线虫诱导的情况下,加入一定浓度的某些种类氨基酸,同样可以刺激其产生大量捕食器。而且捕食情况表明这些捕食器与线虫诱导刺激产生的捕食器一样,完全可以捕食线虫幼虫。

In this experiment ,the effects of eleven kinds of amino acids on the nematode - trapping fungus .Arthrobotrys oligospora on the corn meal agar were studied. They are including effects of amino acids on the traps forming ofArthrobotrys oligospora and its preying rate to the third stage larvae of nematode. The results showed that amino acids could induce the traps, and different amino acids had different effects on the traps forming. Among all of the amino acids tested, L - Phenylalanine, L - Methlonine and DL - Valine of 0. 05 g/L solutions had the best effects, while L - Threonine, L - Isoleuclne, L - Tryptophanea, L - Leucine and L - Valine had better effects than L - Lysine, L - Glutamic and L - Histldine to induce traps. The different effects on inducing traps by different animo acids were very significant （P 〈 0. 01 ） when they were added on the CMA respectively. The traps forming when animo acids were added in initial stage and in intermediate stage was better than in the final stage of growth, while it was best in the initial stage. Seen from the above, we can conclude that nema- tode - trapping fungus - Arthrobotrys oligospora could produce a large number of traps inducing not only by nematode but also by amino acids, and those traps could also trap and kill larvae of nematode effectively as they were induced by the worms.