海带中褐藻糖胶的不同提取纯化方法的研究

Study on Different Methods of Extracting and Purifying Fucoidan from Kelp

[目的]探讨提取条件对褐藻糖胶得率的影响,比较CTAB沉淀法和传统的乙醇沉淀法纯化褐藻糖胶的效果。[方法]以采自山东青岛海域的海带为原料,以褐藻糖胶得率为指标,考察了热水酸提法单因素实验的时间,温度,pH值,V/W(用水体积/干海带质量)4个因素对褐藻糖胶得率的影响;以褐藻糖胶得率和纯度为指标,比较了乙醇沉淀法和CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)沉淀法这2种纯化方法。[结果]褐藻糖胶得率随着时间的延长,pH值升高,V/W增大呈先升高后下降的趋势;而随着温度的上升,褐藻糖胶得率则不断升高。CTAB沉淀法所得的多糖得率和纯度分别为1.44%和45.3%,均高于乙醇沉淀法的。[结论]CTAB沉淀法提取褐藻糖胶优于传统的乙醇沉淀法。

[ Objective] The research aimed to discuss the influences of extraction condition on the yield of fucoidan, and compare the effects of 2 precipitation methods of CTAB （cetyltrimethylammonium bromide） and traditional ethanol purifying fucoidan. [ Method] With the kelp from the sea area of Qingdao, Shandong as the raw material and the yield of fucoidan as the index, the effect of he four factors, such as time, temperature, pH value and V/W （volume of water/weight of dry kelp）, in the single factor experiment with the hot water acid extraction method on the yield of fucoidan were investigated. With the yield and purity of fucoidan as the indices, two purification methods （the ethanol precipitation and CTAB precipitation） were compared. [Result] The yield of fucoidan had the trend of first increasing and then decreasing, along with the extending of time, increasing of pH value and augmenting of V/ W. However, along with the increasing of temperature, the yield of fucoidan was increasing continuously. The yield and purity of amylose by CTAB precipitation were 1.44% and 45.3% resp., which were both higher than those by ethanol precipitation. [ Conclusion] The CTAB precipitation was better than waditional ethanol precipitation in extracting fucoidan.