不同漂白剂对叶材漂白效果的研究

Study on Bleaching Effects of Different Bleachers on Leaf Materials

[目的]寻求对叶材漂白效果好的漂白剂,确定适宜的漂白浓度和时间。[方法]用不同浓度的NaClO(1%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%)和H2O2(1%、5%、10%1、5%、20%、25%、30%)的漂白剂,对桂花、白兰、苹婆、尖叶杜英4种叶材分别采用不同的处理时间,研究不同漂白剂对叶材的漂白效果。[结果]NaClO对叶材的漂白效果好,H2O2对叶材的伤害程度低,但是其漂白效果不如NaClO;以20%NaClO溶液处理5 h,桂花叶片的漂白效果好;以10%NaClO溶液处理10 h,白兰叶片的漂白效果好;以20%NaClO溶液处理10 h,苹婆叶片的漂白效果好;以10%NaClO溶液处理20 h,尖叶杜英叶片的漂白效果好。[结论]NaClO溶液对叶材漂白效果优于H2O2溶液。在实践中应根据叶材种类而选择适宜的漂白剂、浓度和时间。

[Objective] The study aimed to seek for the bleachers with good bleaching effects on leaf materials.[Method] Four kinds leaf materials of Osmanthus fragrans L,Michelia alba DC,Sterculia nobilis and Elaeocarpus apiculatus were treated with bleachers of NaClO（1%,10%,20%,30%,40%,50%） and H2O2（1%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,30%） for different bleaching time and bleaching effects of different bleachers on leaf materials were studied.[Result] NaClO had the best bleaching effect on leaf materials.H2O2 had lower damage degree on leaf materials but its bleaching effects were not as good as that of NaClO.The best bleaching effect for O.fragrans L.was in treatment with 20% NaClO concentration for 5 h,that for M.alba was in treatment with 10% NaClO for 10 h,that for S.nobilis was in treatment with 20% NaClO for 10 h and that for E.apiculatus was in treatment with 10% NaClO for 12 h.[Conclusion] The bleaching effect of NaClO was superior to that of H2O2.