施用秦淮河底泥对田间土壤及小麦生长的影响

Effects of Applying the Sediments of Qinhuai River on the Soil and Wheat Growth in the Field

[目的]合理利用秦淮河河底淤泥。[方法]将秦淮河底泥与农田土按照4∶03、∶12、∶21、∶3、0∶4混匀进行发芽率试验和盆栽试验,研究施用秦淮河底泥对田间土壤及小麦生长的影响。[结果]加入少量的底泥能够提高小麦种子的发芽率;随着底泥用量的增加,发芽率呈下降趋势,芽高呈增长的趋势。当农田土与底泥比例为3∶1时,小麦的各项生长指标最好,但随着底泥用量的增加,小麦长势随之下降。秦淮河疏浚底泥中的有机质、全磷、有效磷和氮含量明显高于农田土。随着底泥用量的增加,盆栽后土壤中的总氮、全磷和有效磷含量增加。[结论]在农田土中适当地添加秦淮河疏浚底泥,可在一定程度上促进小麦的生长。

[Objective] The aim of the research was to utilize the sediments from the bottom of Qinghuai River reasonably.[Method] The sediments of Qinhuai River and farmland soil were evenly mixed according to the proportion of 4∶0,3∶1,2∶2,1∶3 and 0∶4 to make the germination experiment and pot experiment.And the effects of applying the sediments of Qinhuai River on the soil and wheat growth in the field were studied.[Result] Adding a small quantity of sediments could increase the germination rate of wheat seed.With the increasing of the sediment dosage,the germination rate showed a decreasing trend and the bud height showed an increasing trend.When the proportion of farmland soil to the sediment was 3∶1,each growth index of wheat was best.But the growth vigor of wheat was decreased with the increasing of the sediment dosage.The contents of organic matter,total P,available P and N in the dredged sediments of Qinhuai River were obviously higher than that in farmland soil.With the increasing of the sediment dosage,the contents of total N,total P and available P in the soil of pot were increased.[Conclusion] Adding the dredged sediment of Qinhuai River to the farmland soil properly could promote the growth of wheat to certain degree.