外部性脑积水对儿童行为、气质、社会生活能力及脑电功能的影响

目的研究外部性脑积水（EH）对儿童行为、气质、社会生活能力及脑电功能的影响。方法EH儿童行视频脑电图检查。用2～3岁儿童行为量表（CBCL）、1～3岁幼儿气质量表（TTS）、婴儿～初中学生社会生活能力量表（北京左启华修订）分别对病例组和对照组儿童进行评估。结果EH儿童比对照组更易出现社会退缩、攻击和破坏等行为问题；中间型气质倾向于有社会退缩和攻击行为问题，易养型气质倾向于有攻击行为问题；EH儿童的气质类型构成与对照组无显著差异，但倾向于活动多、适应性慢、反应强烈、注意力易分散及节律性强；EH儿童与对照组在社会生活能力构成比无显著差异；EH儿童的脑电图出现癫痫样放电或脑电软征象，软征象A与趋避性呈显著正相关，软征象D与活动水平和趋避性呈显著正相关。结论EH儿童易出现脑电功能、行为及气质异常，加强相关研究可为全面评估EH儿童的预后和制订合理的干预方案提供依据。

Objective To investigate the impact of external hydrocephalus （EH） on the behavior, temperament, social life ability and V-EEG of EH children. Methods EH children were checked with V-EEG. EH children and the control group were evaluated with 2 - 3 years old CBCL, 1-3 years Old child temperament scale （ TTS ） and the Infant to Junior High School Students Social Life Scale. Results EH children were easier to have behavior problem than the control group, especially in social withdrawal, attacks and acts of sabotage. In intermediate type, EH children were easier to have social withdrawal and aggressive behavior than the control group. In easy type, they were easier to have aggressive behavior than the control group. There was no significant difference between the temperament type constituent ratios of the two groups. But EH children were prone to many activities, slow adaptability, strong intensity of reaction, much distractifility and rhythmicity. EH children didn＇t have significant problems in social life ability. Epileptiform discharges and eleetroencephalogaphy soft signs appeared in EH children. There was a significant positive correlation between soft sign A and approach-withdrawal, and there was a significant positive correlation between soft sign D and activity level and approach-withdrawal. Conclusion EH children are easy to have abnormal EEG function, behavior and temperament. Strengthening relavive research is helpful for comprehensive assessment of the prognosis of EH children and formulating reasonable intervention.