ICU患者非发酵菌分布和耐药性分析

Analysis of nonfermentative bacterial distribution and drug-resistance in patients in intensive care unit

目的：了解重症监护病房（ICU）患者非发酵菌分布和耐药情况，为临床合理使用抗生素提供理论依据。方法：回顾性调查2005～2006年从我院ICU患者中分离到的非发酵菌的种类及耐药性。结果：共分离到的革兰阴性杆菌327株，其中非发酵菌214株，占65．41％（214／327）；非发酵菌以铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽黄单胞菌、鲍曼溶血不动杆菌为主，对常用抗菌药物表现为严重耐药和多重耐药，对亚胺培南的耐药率达到31.0％以上。结论：ICU患者非发酵菌所占比例越来越大，应定期监测其分布和耐药情况，为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。

Objective ：To investigate the nonfermentative bacterial distribution and drug-resistance in patients in intensive care unit（ICU） and provide theoretical bases of rational usage of antibiotics for the clinic, Methods： The distribution and drugresis tance of strains from patients in ICU collected from 2005 to 2006 were studied retrospectively, Results： Among 327 gramnegative bacillus isolated from patients in ICU, the nonfermentative bacteria covered 65. 41% （214/327） , pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and ancinetobacter baumanni were the main nonfermentative bactria, the resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and ancinetobacter baumanni to imipenem were over 31%, and the isolated bacteria showed serious multidrug-resistance. Conclusion： The isolation rate of nonfermenters are increasing in recent years, periodic survelliance should be done to learn the drug resistance and bacterial distribution in ICU and instruct the clinic to use antibiotics rationally.