“平丹1号”余甘春季开花特性

The Flowering Character of "Pingdan 1" Phyllanthus Emblica L.in Spring

[目的]研究余甘"平丹1号"的春季开花特性。[方法]以平丹1号为试材,调查从始花期起至终花期为止每天开花量,各类花的数量,花朵着生的叶腋位以及从多年生的第3级分枝到到1年生末次梢所抽生的花枝数量。[结果]余甘花朵着生在花枝叶腋间,平均每个花枝着生花朵的叶腋有9.86个,其中有4.32个为正常叶片的叶腋。平均每个叶腋着生花数为18.2朵,其中雌花1.34朵,占总雌花数的85.53%。第1至第6叶腋位的成花率为100.0%。花枝下部的第1至第3叶腋位着生雄花较多。从多年生的第3级分枝到一年生的末次梢都能抽生花枝,平均每级分枝14.24条。雌雄花花期相遇期为14d。温度变化对雌花开放有一定的影响。[结论]为提高"平丹1号"余甘的产量提供依据。

[Objective] The study aimed to explore the flowering character of Pingdan 1 P. Emblica L. in spring. [Method] With Pingdan 1 as tested material, the quantity of blossom and each kind flower, the axil location of flower inserted, the quantity of flower branch growing out from the perennial third, class branch to the 1-year old last shoot were investigated everyday from early flowering period to end flowering period. [Result] The flower of P. Emblica L. inserted between axils of flower branch, a flower branch had 9.86 axils inserted flower averagely and 4.32 axils were from the normal leaf. 18.2 flowers averagely inserted in each axil, 1.34 were female flowers and accounted for 85.53 % of overall female flowers. Flowering rate was 100.0% from 1st to 6th axil location and more male flowers inserted in the 1st to 3rd axil on the low part of flower branch. Each class branch from the perennial third class branch to the 1-year old last shoot had 14.24 flower branches averagely. The flower period of female and male flower encountered 14 d. The change of temperature had some influence on female flower opening. [Conclusion] The study gave a base to increase the yield of P. Emblica L.