金太阳杏设施栽培主要生态因子变化规律研究

Study on Change Rule of Main Ecological Factors in Facility Cultivation of Golden Sun Apricot

[目的]为金太阳杏高产设施栽培提供理论依据。[方法]于2006年3～5月研究了金太阳杏在塑料大棚内主要生态因子的变化规律。[结果]大棚内光照度(I)与外界光照度的变化趋势基本相似,但棚内低于棚外。透光率晴天为41.2%～49.6%,阴天为61.1%～69.2%。棚内气温(Ta)旬变化为13.5～26.6℃,0cm地温(Ts0)为12.5～23.3℃,20cm地温(Ts20)为9.8～20.2℃。棚内空气相对湿度(RH)旬变化为55.4%～80.3%,日变化晴天为44%～88%,阴天为53%～94%。晴天和阴天,T、Ta、Ts0先升后降,峰值和谷值均出现在14:00pm。在不同因子变化中,T起主导作用,Ta、Ts0与I呈正相关,RH与T、Ta、Ts0呈负相关。Ts0在1天内较为平稳少变,受Ta影响较小。[结论]塑料大棚内的环境因子是相互影响、相互制约的。

[Objective] The study provide the theoretical base for high yield facility cultivation of Golden sun apricot, [Method] The change rule of main ecological factors was studied for Golden sun apricot in the plastic greenhouse from March to May in 2006, [Result] The illuminanee （I） inside the plastic greenhouse had similar change trend with the one outside the greenhouse, but that inside greenhouse was lower than that outside the greenhouse. The ratio of light penetration was 41.2%-49.6% and 61.6%-69.2% on sunny and cloudy days resp. Within 10 d, the temperature （Ta）inside greenhouse was 13,5-26.6 ℃, the 0 cm soil temperature （Ts0）and 20 em soil temperature （ Ts20）were 12.5-23.3℃ and 9.8-20.2℃ resp. On both sunny and cloudy days, the relative atmosphere humidity （RH）inside plastic greenhouse in 10 d was 55.4%-80.3%, that in daily sunny was 44%-88% and that in daily cloudy day was 53%-94%. L Ta and Ts0 showed that first rising and then declining trend with their peak value and valley value both appear at 14：00 pm. Of all these ecological factors, I played a major role and had a positive relation with ta and Ts0 and RH had a negative relation with I, Ta and Ts0 Ts0 remained steady in a day and less affected by ta.[Conelusion] The main ecological factors inside the plastic greenhouse effeeted and restricted each other.