镧对鲤鱼遗传毒性和外周血细胞数量的影响

Effects of Lanthanum on the Genetic Toxicity and Circulating Blood Corpuscle Parameters in Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus(C.carpio)

[目的]为了评估稀土元素对鱼类的长期潜在影响。[方法]利用半静态致死法研究了镧对鲤鱼的急性毒性。将鲤鱼暴露于0.01、0.10、2.00、5.00mg/L的La3+溶液中4个月,用来研究镧对鲤鱼外周血细胞数量及红细胞微核和核异常的影响。[结果](1)La3+对鲤鱼24、48、72、96h的半致死浓度分别为13.20、11.90、11.90、11.49mg/L;96h的安全浓度为1.149mg/L。(2)0.01、0.10mg/L组红细胞微核率、总核异常率,0.1mg/L组核异常率均显著低于对照(P<0.05),5.00mg/L组核异常率显著高于对照(P<0.05)。(3)各La3+处理组较对照组红细胞数显著增多(P<0.01)。0.01mg/L组白细胞数较对照组也显著增多,5.00mg/L组白细胞数却显著低于对照(P<0.05);[结论]镧属低毒物质,在La3+的长期暴露下,镧能使血细胞数量发生变化,较低浓度的镧不具遗传毒性。

[Objective] A potential long-term impact of rare earth element （REEs） was estimated on fish. [Method]Static-renewal acute test was used to study the acute toxicity of La^3＋on the C.carpio. Meanwhile, C.carpio was exposed in different concentration of La^3＋solution for 4 months to study effects of La^3＋ on circulating blood corpuscle parameters and micronucleus and nuclear anomalies in C.carpio erythrocytes. [Result] （ 1 ）The LD50 values of La^3＋ to C.carpio. in 24,48,72 and 96 h were respectively 13.20,11.90,11.90,11.49 mg/L, and the safe concentration value in 96 h was 1.149 mg/L. （2） La^3＋ could significantly decrease the frequencies of micronuclei and total nuclear anomalies in C.carpio erythrocytes in 0.01,0.1 mg/L and nuclear anomalies in 0.1 mg/L. But the frequencies of nuclear anomalies in 5 mg/L were significantly increased in comparison with control group （P〈0.05）. （3） La^3＋ could significandy increase the quantity of RBC in 0.01,0.1,2,5 mg/L and that of WBC in 0.01 mg/L, however, significantly reduce that of WBC in 5 mg/L in comparison with control group. [Conclusion] Lanthanum is the low poisonous material. Under La^3＋ long-term exposltion,changes were induced by La^3＋ on circulating blood corpuscle parameters in C.carpio, and low La^3＋ have no genotoxicity.