博落回杀虫作用的研究

Study on the Insecticidal Action of Macleaya cordata

[目的]开发一种新型的植物源杀虫剂。[方法]采用浸叶法和混药法,分别就博落回根乙醇提取物对菜粉蝶、亚洲玉米螟和桃蚜的生物活性进行了测定。[结果]用1.0%的博落回根乙醇提取物处理菜粉蝶5龄幼虫后,24和48h的非选择性拒食率分别为91.78%和89.33%,7d后幼虫(或蛹)的校正累计死亡率为93.26%;用1.0%的博落回根乙醇提取物处理亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫后,其体重逐日减少,5和10d的体重分别为对照体重的43.48%和24.59%,10d后的校正死亡率为78.57%;用1.0%的博落回根乙醇提取物处理桃蚜若虫后,12、24和48h的校正死亡率分别为59.33%、70.01%和83.24%。[结论]博落回植物根乙醇提取物对菜粉蝶5龄幼虫、亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫和桃蚜若虫具有很强的生物活性。

[Objective] The aim of the research was to develop a new kind of botanical insecticide. [Method] Using leaf-dipping method and mixture pesticide method, the biological activities of ethanol extract from the root of Macleya cordata to Pieris rapae L., Ostrinia furnacalis and Myzus persicae Sulzer were determined resp. [Result] The 5th -instar larva ofP. rapae was treated with 1.0% ethanol extract from the root of M. cordata, the no-choice antifeedant rate after 24 and 48 h were 91.78% and 89.33% resp. and the adjusted accumulative mortality rate of larvae or pupa after 7 d was 93.26%. After the 3rd-instar larva of O. furnacalis was treated with 1.0% ethanol extract from the root of M. cordata, its body weight was decreased day by day, the body weight after 5 and 10 d were 43.48% and 24.59% of the control weight and the adjusted mortality rate was 78.57%. After the nymphae ofM. persicae was treated with 1.0% ethanol extract from the root ofM. cordata, the adjusted mortality rate after 12, 24 and 48 h were 59.33%, 70.01% and 83.24%. [Conclusion] The ethanol extract from the root of M. cordata had stronger biological activities to the 5th-larva of P. rapae, the 3rd-larva of O. furnacalis and the nymphae of M. persicae.