区域土地利用变化与景观格局分异研究

Research on Land Use Change and Landscape Patterns Discrepancy

以1975年和2005年的土地利用图为基础图件,以各个县市为研究单位,提取各个县市的土地利用数据,分析三峡库区近30年来土地利用动态度的变化、土地利用程度的变化;然后接合景观生态学的理论,引入了斑块平均面积、景观的多样性与景观破碎度,寻找分异特征。研究表明,三峡库区近30年各类建设用地的变化速度>河流水域的变化速度>林地、草地的变化速度>耕地的变化速度;各县市土地利用程度在增加;各个景观指数的变化在各个地域分布上的变化趋势是不一样的,土地利用对景观格局的影响比较和缓,三峡库区景观的多样性在减少。

Taking each county as basic research object, the land use datum of each county distilled from the land use map in 1975 and 2005 in order to research on the change of land dynamic degree, find the change of land use extent, and analyze the landscape discrepancy connecting with the plot average area, landscape diversity and landscape fragmentation degree. The research results indicated that change speed of each land use type was in the order of construction land〉 river and water〉 forestry and grassplot〉 cultivated land. Land use extent of each county was increasing; and change trend of each landscape indexes was different in county distribution. Besides, the influence on landscape pattern was meek because of the land use and tile landscape diversity decreased in the Three Gorges reservoir.