自传记忆提取的神经机制及其研究方法

Neural Mechanisms for Autobiographical Memory Retrieval

自传记忆(autobiographical memory,AM)是个人生活事件的记忆,它在人类认知中建构起自我、情绪、个人意义及其交互作用的主通道。对自传记忆的研究在广度上极大丰富了记忆的研究内容,并成为记忆研究乃至整个认知心理学新的方法论的增长点。利用PET,fMRI和皮层慢电位等手段对自传记忆进行研究,可以加深对自传记忆神经机制的认识。就Conway等提出的SMS模型中,自传记忆提取的神经解剖分布,自传记忆提取偏侧化问题和海马在自传记忆中的作用进行总结和评述,并分析比较了自传记忆脑机制的研究方法。

Autobiographical memory （AM） is the memory of personal events. It constructs the main channel of interaction among self, emotion and personal significance in human cognition. The approach of AM research has enriched the scope of memory research and become a new growing point in memory research and even in the whole cognitive psychology. With advanced technology of neuroscience, like PET, fMRI and slow cortical potential, neural mechanisms for autobiographical memory retrieval have been studied. In this paper, the SMS model, neuroanatomy of AM retrieval, lateralization of AM retrieval and role of hippocampus in AM are reviewed, and the methods of studying neural mechanisms for autobiographical memory retrieval are also discussed.