走出环境危机的政治和文化前提

The Political and Cultural Prerequisites for out of the Environment Crisis

环境危机与两个问题密切相关:一是环境代价的承受者和环境代价收益者之间的不对称,二是环境价值本身的深厚丰富性和市场取向的狭隘功利主义价值观之间的矛盾。因此,解决这两个问题是走出环境危机的两个前提。解决第一个问题的方式是强化一直来作为环境代价主要承受者的广大普通公民在环境治理上的积极参与,建立民主的环境治理体制;解决第二个问题的方式是通过长期不懈的努力逐步改变人们的价值取向,培育确立一种懂得欣赏和尊重生态环境之深厚丰富的价值蕴涵的环境价值观。

Environment crisis is closely related with two issues. One is the asymmetry between the bearers and the beneficiaries of the Environment Cost, the other one is the contradiction between the great richness of the environmental values and the narrow utilitarianism of market-oriented values. Therefore, to solve these two issues are two prerequisites for out of the environment crisis. The way to solve the first issue is to establish a democratic system of environmental governance, that is, to strengthen the active participation of the majority of ordinary citizens who bear the environmental costs in environmental governance. The way to solve the second issue is to gradually change people’s values through long-term unremitting efforts and establish environmental values of appreciating and respecting the ecological environment.