社会变革过程中政治制度的选择——金五京路转运司建制考

The Choice of the Political System in the Process of Social Reform——The Investigating of the Transport Departments of the Five Metropolitan Roads(金五京路) in Jin Dynasty

金朝建国后,分别从政治、经济、军事角度,在各地设置了几种不同类型的路级管理机构,如总管府路、转运司路、招讨司路、统军司路等。转运司路即从经济角度进行的路分划分。由于金初政治动荡,在各路转运司中,五京路转运司建制沿革情况较为复杂,本文详细探究了这五路转运司的建置沿革过程,从中可以看出金代行政建制情况,由此也可以初步了解在社会变革过程中统治者对政治制度的选择路径。

The ruler of Jin Dynasty set up several different kinds of road-class administrating organization over the country after its foundation, such as the roads of Zong guan Fu（总管府）, Zhao Tao department（招讨司）, Tong Jun Department（统军司）, and so on. The Lu of the Transport Department is the dividation of Lu（路） on the economics. For the unstable politics of the initial stage of Jin Dynasty, The establishment and evolution of the Transport Departments of the five metropolitan roads （金五京路转运司）are more complicated, and which is the main discussion of this article. From the discussion we can make clear of the administrative organizational system in the Jin Dynasty, and to find out the path in which the ruler chooses the political institution.