从文化与意识形态关系角度看西方马克思主义的文化救世理论

A Discussion on Western Marxism's Cultural Revolution from the Perspective of the Relationship between Culture and Ideology

文化批判是"西方马克思主义"的一个重要理论领域。他们认为,当代资本主义社会盛行的大众文化已经成为一种控制人们思想和行动的意识形态。在批判大众文化的同时,他们讴歌精英文化的乌托邦指向和批判功能。在当代社会,精英文化与大众文化一样,事实上也是一种意识形态。所以,通过文化批判实现社会形态的更替的企图是注定不会成功的,真正具有变革社会功能的,只能是具体的物质实践。

Cultural critique is an important field of western Marxism, which believes that the overwhelming popular culture has already become such a kind of strong ideology that it dominates people＇s action and thoughts in contemporary capitalism society. The attacks on popular culture are accompanied with their eulogies over the function of critique and orientation of utopia of the elite culture. Both elite culture and popular culture are ideologies in contemporary society. The attempt to realize the substitution of the form of society through culture critique is doomed to be unsuccessful. It is material praxis that truly possesses the function of revolutionizing the society.