制备形貌可控的多晶纳米镍

Preparation of Ni nanocrystals with controlled-morphology

采用液相化学还原法,在1,2-丙二醇体系中,分别使用吐温-80(Tween-80)、聚乙二醇-6000(PEG-6000)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)与聚乙二醇-6000(PEG-6000)的混合物作为修饰剂,利用1,2-丙二醇还原相同母体醋酸镍,制备形貌分别为海绵体、纤维状、雪花状多晶纳米镍;在水体系中,使用SDS为修饰剂,利用水合肼还原相同母体醋酸镍,制备球形多晶纳米镍.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)对所制备的纳米镍样品进行表征.利用傅立叶红外(FTIR)分析初步解释不同形貌纳米镍的形成机理.将纳米镍样品添加到15W/40SF汽油机油中,在UNT-Ⅱ摩擦磨损试验机上进行考察.结果表明:纳米镍样品的形貌不同,其对汽油机油摩擦学特性的改性亦不相同,纤维状纳米镍的改性效果最佳.

Controlled morphology as spongy, fibrillar, and snowflake-like Ni nanocrystals were prepared from nickel acetate tetrahydrate with 1,2 -propanediol as both solvent and reductant in the presence of modifiers as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooil 80 （ Tween - 80 ） , polyethylene glycol 6000 （ PEG - 6000） , and mixtures sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） ＋ PEG- 6000, respectively. The spherical Ni nanocrystals were synthesized from nickel acetate solution with hydrazine hydrate as reductant, and SDS as modifier. The as-prepared Ni nanocrystals were characterized by X - ray diffraction （ XRD）, transmission electron micrographs （TEM）, selected area electron diffraction （SAED） and Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy. The as-prepared Ni nanocrystals taken as additives to 15W/40SF oil lubricant were evaluated on UNT - Ⅱ ball-on-plate experiment. The results indicate that the improvements of tribological properties vary with the shapes of nano-Ni. The fibrillar Ni nanocrystals exhibit the best effectivity of modification.