明代凤阳府和徽州府书院发展之比较

The Contrastive Study of Fengyang Academy and Huizhou Academy in Ming Dynasty

提起明代的安徽,人们自然会想到当时以至后来在全国闻名遐尔的两大地域人群:凤阳乞丐和徽州朝奉。明代的凤阳府和徽州府在历史上具有独特的地位:凤阳府是"龙兴之地"、"帝王之乡",而徽州府则是"商贾之乡"、"文献之国";前者在政治上处于显赫位置,而后者在经济和文化上则占有绝对优势。明代这两个府的教育各具特色,尤其是书院教育更是出现各异的发展。对两府的书院进行比较研究,可以从一个侧面更好地认识书院的发展与政治、经济和文化等多种因素之间的综合互动关系。

In the Ming Dynasty, both Fengyang and Huizhou enjoyed some specialty. As the hometown of the emperor, the former was in the political front, while the latter held sway in economy and culture. The education in these two places displayed their distinctive features, typically embodied by the academy instruction. Based on the contrastive study of the two academies, this article aims at revealing the comprehensive interaction among multi-factors including politics, economy, culture etc.