主要发达国家空间规划进展及趋势

The Progress and Trend of Spatial Planning in Major Developed Countries

空间规划是社会经济发展到一定阶段,为解决空间协调、经济发展与资源环境协调等问题而作出的总体安排和战略部署,是政府进行宏观调控的有效工具。以德国、英国、日本和美国为代表的发达国家,近十年来空间规划在相关法律、规划机构、规划体系以及规划编制等方面都在延续本国特色的同时有了相同的发展趋势和进展。我国应借鉴发达国家的经验整合现有的相关法规,建立合理有效的空间规划体系,协调规划中政府与市场、中央和地方的关系,逐步建立空间规划的法律体系,加强空间规划管理,针对现阶段国情,开展具有中国特色的空间规划研究。

Spatial Planning is a general arrangement and strategic disposition for solving the problem of harmonization of different space and the coordination between economic development and resources and environment when a certain social and economic level has been gained.It is an effective tool in macro management of government.Several developed countries,such as Germany,United Kingdom,Japan and American,have the same development trend and progress,besides continuing their own characteristics in the aspects of related laws,planning organizations,planning system and planning preparation,relating to the spatial planning of the last decade.Finally,the paper makes some proposals for China's spatial planning,these are: conforming the existing related laws and regulations by using the experiences of other countries for reference;establishing rational and effective spatial planning system;coordinating the relations between government and market,as well as the relations between central and local government;gradually building legal system of spatial planning;strengthening the management of spatial planning;developing spatial planning research with chinese characteristics according to the current national conditions.