硼氢化钾还原法制备纳米铜粉

Preparation of copper nanoparticles by chemical reduction using potassium borohydride

采用硼氢化钾为还原剂制备分散性好的纳米铜粉。研究反应物配比、无水硫酸铜的浓度、反应温度、分散剂对产物粒径及转化率的影响。利用SEM表征铜粉的形貌。结果表明，制备纳米铜粉的较好工艺条件是：硼氢化钾与无水硫酸铜的摩尔比为3：4，无水硫酸铜的浓度为0．4mol／L，反应温度为30℃，采用正丁醇为分散剂。所制铜粉颗粒为近球形，平均粒径约为100nm。

High dispersive copper nanoparticles were prepared by the chemical reduction method using potassium borohydride as reducing agent. The effects of reactant ratio, concentration of CuSO4, reaction temperature, dispersant on the size of product and conversion rate were studied. The morphology of copper nanoparticles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the optimum process conditions are as follows： the molar ratio of KBH4 to CuSO4 is 3：4, the concentration of CuSO4 is 0.4 mol/L, reaction temperature is 30 ℃, and using n-butyl alcohol as dispersant. The average particle size of copper powders with spherical shape gained is about 100 nm.